Answer :
I can answer the first question a bit:
Objects are nothing but instance of a class. To know two objects are identical are not, use the is operator.
Is operator: The is operator is used to compare the two objects that are identical or not. The is operator returns true, if the variables on either side of the operator point to same object. If the variables on either side of the operator point to different object then it can also return true.
Value: Value is also an object that assign to a variable. Comparing to objects through === operator.
The term equivalent means.... is used to when the two operators are equal or not , if equal condition returns true.
Objects are nothing but instance of a class. To know two objects are identical are not, use the is operator.
Is operator: The is operator is used to compare the two objects that are identical or not. The is operator returns true, if the variables on either side of the operator point to same object. If the variables on either side of the operator point to different object then it can also return true.
Value: Value is also an object that assign to a variable. Comparing to objects through === operator.
The term equivalent means.... is used to when the two operators are equal or not , if equal condition returns true.