The immediate effect of a membrane-permeable compound that carries and releases H+ into the mitochondrial matrix would be the inhibition of ATP synthesis. This process (ATP synthesis) requires an H+ gradient.
Mitochondria are the energy center of the eukaryotic cells, which generate energy in the form of ATP by a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration has three main phases: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
During oxidative phosphorylation, a chain of transport of electrons across the inner mitochondrial membrane is coupled to the generation of an electrochemical proton (H+) gradient, which is used to synthesize ATP.
This electrochemical gradient is created by pumping H+ from the matrix to the inner membrane space of the mitochondria.
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