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Answer :

When landlords require such of their tenants then that action is known as Moral Hazard

Moral Hazard:

  • Refers to the risk a person will not act in the best way towards something because it is protected
  • Can also happen when the person using the thing in question does not own it

Tenants do not own a house so they might act however they want in it such that it gets damaged. Requiring a security deposit ensures that this damage is minimized because any damage is paid from the security deposit.

In conclusion, landlords do this as a result of moral hazard.

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