Small-scale fishing performed with nets is one of the most common fishing methods used around the world. One of the unfortunate side effects of this method is that sea turtles, which are considered threatened, get caught in the nets along with the fish. Conservation biologists at the University of Exeter in England recently devised a way to prevent these sea turtle deaths, which they tested at a fishery in northern Peru. They found that attaching green LED lights to the nets warned the turtles away, possibly because the lights made the nets more visible. The number of sea turtle deaths was reduced, but the number of fish caught seemed to remain the same.
What is the main idea of the passage?

The main idea of the passage Millions of people all over the world rely on small-scale fishing as a means of subsistence, a source of money, and a way of life. Some see it as a more environmentally friendly substitute for industrialised fishing techniques that are destroying fish stocks all over the world.

Numerous creatures, including turtles, cetaceans, and seals, are caught as bycatch in small-scale fishing. Fishermen don't like bycatch because of the related mortality, which poses a serious conservation concern for many species.
We conducted questionnaire-based interviews with fishermen living and working on the Greek island of Crete in order to obtain insight into the effects of bycatch on small-scale fishermen and put it in perspective with other financial and environmental issues they confront.
We looked into how fishermen perceived interactions between sea turtles and other protected species as well as how those interactions affected their livelihoods. Our findings point to a link between diminishing small-scale fish populations, associated increased fishing effort, and noted escalating contacts between fishermen and sea turtles.
The respondents thought that industrial fishing and environmental issues threatened their way of life, but that interactions with turtles and other marine megafauna species together were a bigger issue.
Extending compensation to fishermen may be a beneficial conservation policy, according to responses. Small-scale fisherman are incredibly knowledgeable about the ocean and its resources.
This might be utilised to establish a better managed, sustainable fisheries, which could be useful for researchers and policy makers. Small-scale fishermen's participation in the creation of regulations will improve them and boost compliance with them.

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