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In humans the kidneys control the amount of water, salts and other solutes leaving the body by sieving blood through their millions of twisted tubules. When a person drinks too much water in a short period of time, the kidneys cannot flush it out fast enough and the blood becomes waterlogged. Drawn to regions where the concentration of salt and other dissolved substances is higher, excess water leaves the blood and ultimately enters the cells, which swell like balloons to accommodate it.”

How could the process of osmosis explain this phenomenon? Support your answer with evidence from the text above.
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The process of osmosis is used to explain the phenomenon of water and electrolyte control due to the presence of semipermeable membrane of the nephrons.

What is a kidney?

A kidney is the major organ of the urinary system which is double in mammals and are located at the abdomen as a retroperitoneal organ.

The kidney has the following vital functions in the body:

Aids in water and electrolyte balance

Aids in the elimination of metabolized drugs from the liver and

It helps in urine formation which contains nitrogenous wastes.

The kidney is able to balance water and electrolyte (salts) through the nephrons which are the millions of twisted tubules found in the internal structure of the kidney.

The walls of the nephrons are lined with semipermeable membrane which allows the movement of water from the region of low solute concentration to the region of high solute concentration in the process of osmosis.

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