STP (Standard temperature and pressure) states that the temperature is 273 K (0°C) and the pressure is 1 atm.
To solve this problem, we have to find the number of moles of CO2. Based on the given data, we're going to find the number of moles using the following formula:
[tex]PV=nRT.[/tex]where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant (0.082 atm*L/mol*K) and T is the pressure. Let's solve for 'n' and replace the data that we have (The pressure is 1 atm, volume is 179.2 L and T is 273 K):
[tex]\begin{gathered} n=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{1\text{atm}\cdot179.2L}{0.082\frac{atm\cdot L}{mol\cdot K}\cdot273K}, \\ n=8.005\text{ moles}\approx8molesCO_2. \end{gathered}[/tex]The next step is to see how many moles of NaCl are forming by 8 moles of CO2. You can see in the chemical reaction that there are 2 moles of NaCl produced with 1 mol of CO2. The calculation would be a rule of three, like this:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 2\text{ moles NaCl}\to1molCO_2 \\ \text{? moles NaCl}\to8molesCO_2. \end{gathered}[/tex]And the number of moles would be:
[tex]8molesCO_2\cdot\frac{2\text{ moles NaCl}}{1molCO_2}=16\text{ moles NaCl.}[/tex]There are 16.0 moles of NaCl formed, the answer would be (2).