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Some experts believe that 23% of all freshwater fish in a country have such high levels of mercury that they are dangerous to eat. Suppose a fish market has 200 fish tested, and 48 of them have dangerous levels of mercury. Test the hypothesis that this sample is not from a population with 23% dangerous fish, assuming that this is a random sample. Use a significance level of 0.05. determine the z-test statistic, find the p-value, does the conclusion support or reject the null hypothesis

Answer :

Solution

We have the proportion of the freshwater fish is

[tex]\begin{gathered} p_0=23\% \\ p_0=0.23 \end{gathered}[/tex]

Now, from the sample we have the proportion

[tex]\begin{gathered} p=\frac{48}{200} \\ p=0.24 \end{gathered}[/tex]

To test the hypothesis, we have

[tex]\begin{gathered} H_0\colon p_0=0.23 \\ H_1\colon p_0\ne0.23 \end{gathered}[/tex]

We have

[tex]\alpha=0.05,n=200[/tex]

The test statistics

[tex]z=\frac{p-p_0}{\sqrt[]{\frac{p_0(1-p_0)}{n}}}[/tex]

Substituting the parameters, we obtain

[tex]\begin{gathered} z=\frac{p-p_0}{\sqrt[]{\frac{p_0(1-p_0)}{n}}} \\ z=\frac{0.24-0.23}{\sqrt[]{\frac{0.23(1-0.23)}{200}}} \\ z=\frac{0.01}{\sqrt[]{\frac{0.23\times0.77}{200}}} \\ z=0.3360514064 \end{gathered}[/tex]

Therefore, the test statistics is

[tex]z=0.336\text{ (to thr}ee\text{ decimal places)}[/tex]

To find the P - value

Using the table, the p - value for the z score of 0.336 is

[tex]\begin{gathered} p-value=0.736871 \\ p-value=0.7369\text{ (to four decimal places)} \end{gathered}[/tex]

Notice that

[tex]p-value=0.7369>0.05=\alpha[/tex]

Therefore, since the p -value is greater than the level of significance, we fail to reject the null hypothesis, That is we support the null hypothesis