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in skeletal muscle cells, epinephrine (adrenaline) stimulates the breakdown of glycogen by activating a gpcr. in the signaling pathway shown here, which step does not amplify the original signal?

Answer :

In skeletal muscle cells, epinephrine (adrenaline) stimulates the breakdown of glycogen through activating a GPCR.Acetylcholine binds to an anion-channel-coupled receptor that permits Na+ to glide down its electrochemical gradient, triggering contraction of a skeletal muscle cell.

Activation of PKC happens via binding to DAG and the persevering with presence of Ca2+. The mutation inactivates the protein that IP3 binds at the ER membrane.Through its movement on alpha-1 receptors, epinephrine induces extended vascular clean muscle contraction, pupillary dilator muscle contraction, and intestinal sphincter muscle contraction.

Other great outcomes encompass extended coronary heart rate, myocardial contractility, and renin launch thru beta-1 receptors.Epinephrine potentiates muscle twitches thru the second one messenger, cAMP, secondary to hormone binding to membrane-sure beta-receptors. Cyclic AMP then acts to growth carbohydrate metabolism, adjust sodium/potassium exchange, phosphorylate myosin isozymes, and/or adjust intracellular calcium exchange.

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