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Two customers move about among three servers. Upon completion ofservice at server i, the customer leaves that server and entersservice at whichever of the other two servers is free. (Therefore,there are always two busy servers.) If the service times at serveri are exponential with rate μi , i = 1,2,3 ,what proportion of time is server i idle?

Answer :

The proportion of time that each server is idle will be:

Server 1 = 0.467

Server 2 = 0.2

Server 3 = 0.333

What proportion of time is each server idle?

Let the state be the idle server. The balance equations are:

Rate Leave = Rate Enter

(μ2 + μ3)P1 = μ1( P2 + P3)

(μ1 + μ3)P2 = μ2(P1+ P3)

(μ1 + μ2)P3 = μ3(P1+ P3)

P1 + P2 + P3 = 1

These are to be solved and the quantity Pi represents the proportion of time that server i is idle.

Server 1 will be:

= (μ1² + μ1μ2 + μ1μ3) / (μ1 + μ2 + μ3)

= (7² + 7.3 + 7.5) / (7+3+5)²

= 0.467

Server 2 will be:

μ2² + μ1μ2 + μ2μ3) / (μ1 + μ2 + μ3)

= 0.2

Server 3 will be:

μ3² + μ1μ3 + μ2μ3) / (μ1 + μ2 + μ3)

= 0.333

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