The elephants face the threat of extinction while cows do not because cattle like a cow are owned by ranchers, while elephants are owned by no one. So option a. is correct.
Extinction is an evolutive process that leads to the disappearance of a species or a population. When a species becomes extinct, its entire genetic heritage is lost for good. With evolution, a species can become another to adapt to the small environmental changes or due to casual changes in its genetic heritage.
Once common throughout Africa and Asia, elephant populations have experienced significant declines over the last century. The greatest threat to African elephants is poaching for the illegal ivory trade, while the Asian elephant populations are most at risk from habitat loss and resulting human-elephant conflict.
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